Zydus

Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) /Pulmonary Fibrosis

  • Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) /Pulmonary Fibrosis

  • Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) famously known as Pulmonary fibrosis are a category of conditions that can induce scarring in the lungs. The lung interstitium is the area between the air sacs and the small blood veins that surround them. When a person breathes, oxygen travels via the air sacs and lung interstitium to the bloodstream. At the same time, carbon dioxide passes from your blood to the lung interstitium and then into the air sacs. Scarring in ILDs causes tissue damage in or around the lungs' air sacs (alveoli) and airways. It includes connective tissue. Scar tissue in the lungs impairs their ability to transport oxygen, make it difficult to breathe normally. ILDs could be mild, severe, or even lethal. The symptoms are dry cough, excessive weariness, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

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  • There are various types of ILDs. ILDs can be caused by genetics, lifestyle, the environment, medications, or other medical disorders. More than 300 types of ILDs have been identified, some common ILDs are like…

  • rightTick Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) which is common in men

  • rightTick Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is the most common ILD in India. It is due to exposure to various organic dust. Inhalation Proteins from pigeon excreta and feathers is found to cause ILD & such challenges in india.

  • rightTick Sarcoidosis

  • rightTick CTD ILDs are associated with various autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, Scleroderma etc.

  • rightTick NSIP Idiopathic without any obvious cause

  • rightTick Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia

  • rightTick Acute interstitial pneumonia Smoking-related ILDs like IPF, RB-ILD, CPFE, Histiocytosis, etc

  • rightTick Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is typically seen in women but rare.

  • The treatment varies depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms. It requires thorough evaluation including detail history including exposure to occupational or specific organic dust, smoking, medicine. After basic physical examination and investigation HRCT scan of chest is important investigation to confirm it and to do differential diagnosis. Some of the patient require lung biopsy to confirm diagnosis as many overlapping features are there amongst different ILDs and treatment are specific to each of them. The doctor’s advice is always preferable to avoid substances in the environment that aggravate the disease. Lung scarring due to ILDs would not completely repair or reverse in fact it progresses in many cases in spite of all standard treatment. Early identification and treatment can assist in slowing or stopping lung deterioration and improve lung function. Zydus Hospital’s team is equipped to help the patient on how to manage the illness and enhance the quality of life.

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